HIV-infected patients could increase the risk for Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) colonization and infection, including bloodstream infection. A study reported that the incidence of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteraemia increased significantly in HIV-infected patients from 2000 to 2004. Injection drug use (IDU), end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and CD4 count <200 cells/μL were independent predictors for incident MRSA bacteraemia, while ESRD was more common in patients with MRSA bacteraemia than methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) bacteraemia. IDU, ESRD and CD4 count <200 cells/μL factors may serve as important clinical markers of MRSA likelihood in decisions regarding initial antimicrobial management.
Initial antimicrobial therapy for presumed sepsis in HIV-infected patients may require agents active against MRSA, including vancomycin, linezolid and, in nonpulmonary infections, daptomycin, particularly in patients with risk factors for MRSA bacteraemia.
(HIV Med. 2008;9(10):858-862)
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